Method of and means for increasing the turning moment in indicating devices



Nov. 24 1925. 1,562,917

- o. RICHTER METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR INCREASING THE TURNING MOMENT IN INDICATING DEVICES Filed March 11. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOE ATTORNEYS Nov.24 1925. 1;562,917

' O. RICHTER METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR INCREASING THE TURNING MOMENT IN INDICATING DEVICES Filed March 11, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Q U v b WM VENTOR ZQAW W ,/%M

ATTORNEYS Patented Nov. 24, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT QFFEE.

OSKAB RICHTER, OF NEUMUHLEN, NEAR KIEL, GEBMANY, ASSIGNOR T ANSCH'UTZ & 00., OI NEUMUHLEN, NEAR KIEL, GERMANY.

METHOD OF AND MEANS FOR INCREASING THE TURNING MOMENT IN INDICAT- ING DEVICES. I g

Application filed March 11 1925.

. ing atNeumuhlen, near Kiel, Germany, Heikendorferweg 9, have invented certaln new and useful Improvements in Methods of and Means for Increasing the Turning Moment in Indicating Devices, for which I have filed application in Germany, March 3, 1924, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improved method of and means for increasing the turning moment or torque in electric indicating de-' vices.

It has been suggested heretofore to provide. the receiver of an electric indicating device with a source of power in the form of a motor adapted to operate in the manner of a relay to set the revolving receiving member in the transmitter in accordance with the weak currents flowing through the long-distance line. My invention is based upon this principle and the object of my invention is to provide in an electric indieating device of the rotating held type a receiver of com aratively small dimensions but of higher e 'cctive power than hitherto practised without essentially increasing the working current and without dispensing with the valuable advantages of this system or principle.

\Vith this aim in view I provide, in connection with the receiver an outer source of power, preferably in the form of a small two-phase motor adapted to act or operate in the manner of a relay, but having no point of interruption of current and not even any sliding brushes.

Fig. 1 illustrates a system wherein the power supply for the receiving apparatus is derived from the transmitter;

Fig. 2 is a modification wherein an aux iliary induction motor is used to augment the power supply of the receiver motor;

Fig. 3 shows the use of reduction gears between the induction and receiver motors; Figs. 4. and 5 are modifications showing the use of amplifiers. 7

Before proceeding to describe the specific construction and arrangement of my improved device I shall now describe the system or diagram of connections shown in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification.

Figure 1 illustrates an indicating device Serial No. 14.846.

of the rotating field type which is known in itself. 1 designates a source of alternating current, 2 and 3 denote the pole shoes of a stator with the usual windings supplied. with current from the source 1 of alternating current. 4 is the rotor with its coils 5, 6 and 7 in which currents are induced and? adapted to be transmitted to the coils 11, 12 and 13 of a second rotor 16 by means of thelong distance lines 8, 9 and 10. The stator with its pole shoes 14 and 15 co-operating with the rotor 16 is energized by the same source 1 of alternating current. The rotor 4 with its co-operating p'arts forms the transmitter and the rotor 16 with its co-operating parts represents the receiver.' The latter adjusts itself in a manner that the currents induced in the coils 11, 12 and 13 by the field of the co-operating stator will balance the currents arriving from the transmitter, so that upon Setting there will not flow anycurrent in the conductors S, 9 and 10. If, however, the transmitter is turned or displaced whilst the movable system 16 of thevreceiver still is at rest, currents will flow in the conductors 8, 9 and 10 and these currents will impart to the armature 16 the required setting force.

In case the distance between the transmitter and the receiver is very great so that the conductors 8, 9 and 10 represent a high resistance, the currents and consequently the setting force will be considerably reduced.

According to my invention this defect is remedied in the manner illustrated in Fig-.

' duction motor 18. preferably of a multipolar structure, which is mechanically con nected to the rotor of the receiving device.

The other phase 19'isconstantly enclosed in the circuit of the source 1 of alternating current or any equivalent source of electric energy. stitutes the secondary of a tran .former having the primary'll, 12, 13.

The mechanical connection between the rotor 16 of the receiver and the two-phase motor 18 is diagrammatically shown inFigure 3. As will be clearly seen a pinion 20 is keyed to the shaft 22 of the motor 16 and arranged to mesh with a spur gear 21 keyed The winding of the stator con-- the shaft of the rotor 16 of the receiver in order to bring about a transmission from a higher to a lower speed, In most cases, however, a considerably higher ratio of gearing will have to be employed than that shown in Figure 3, and preferably a worm gear will be used for the purpose instead oi the spur gear system. illustrated in Figure 3.

the two rotors of the trlinsmitter and the receiver ado t dittcrent positions, the currents flowing in the conductors 8, 9 and 10 will produce a rotating field inino rotor 18 (the latter being retarded by the mechanical transmission E30, 21}, due to the action 1 v or toe windings 11, 12 sun 13, the said rototing field acting in turn to generate in the windings or the pole-pieces 14 and 15 an alternating current the phase of which will be displaced in the one or the other direction just in accordance with the direction of rotation of the rotating field. As the time generated current is conducted to the winding 17 of the two-phase induction motor 18, the latter will start and act to displace the rotor 16 in the one or the other direction until the rotating field of the armature 16 will be like zero and the current in the coil 17 necessarily disappears simultaneously therewith. The current in coill? drops to zero because the sum of the currents in the various coils 11,12 and 13 becomes zero when the armature reaches the synchronous position and accordingly no current is induced in the windings of the pole pieces 14 and 15. The motor 18 comes to rest as soon as the current stops flowing in the winding 17. This invariably happens where the motor 18 is of the two-phase asynchronous ty e having considerable slip; if the motor oes not have a considerable sli it will either stop or cause the rotor 16 toliave an insignificant oscillatory movement about its synchronous position.

The windings 17 of the motor 18 may be considered as a means responsive to the phase of the alternating current induced in the coils on, pole pieces 14 and 15. If the phase be equal to that of the current in winding 19, there will be no rotation of the rotor 16; on the other hand, if there be a lead or lag of phase, the motor will revolve one we or the other, and this will continue until t e receiver armature 16 rotates into a position which causes the phase of the current in winding 17 to be the'sameas that of the current in winding 19.

Referring again to Figure 2, the rotor of the receiver follows the of the rotor of the transmitter in exactly the same manner as in Figure 1. The difierence mainly resides in the provision of the articular, mechanical connection shown in igure 3 and possessing a high ratio of gearing sothat almost any desired degree or multiplicity of efiiciency may be obtained, but of movements ascents course at the cost or the setting time which, it larger angles are to be indicated, will attain measurable values in case of the construction shown in Figures 2 and 3 as compared with that illustrated in Figure 1. In most cases, however, the short length of time required or spent is irrelevant, especially if the angular positions in the transmitter continuously chan e as in watergauges, instruments for the indication of the position of a rudder, instruments for transmitting compass indications and the like.

The inventive idea is also applicable in connection with electric indicating devices equipped with alternating fields adapted to produce phase displacements in both directions of rotation.

As according to my invention the shaft of the receiver rotor 16 is driven by an outer source of power or motor, the latter may be utilized at the same time to erforin some other work, besides the actuation of the indicator; thus the same may be used, for example, for controlling starting resistances or regulating resistances of large electric inotors.

A further increase of the energy available in the receiver will be ensured b themodication shown in Figure l,' Wl16l'(-3l11 the shaft of the motor 18, instead oi directly actuating the apparatus or masses to be set at a distance, will act to displace a second trans mitter 23 of heavy construction and adapted to act in turn to influence a second receiver 2 1 and a correspondingly strong motor 25, which may be considered as a cascade arrangement. in the two motors 18 and 25 corresponding to the motor 18 in Figure 3 the second winding to be energized by a source of alternating current is not shown.- The energy. available in the receiver may be further increased by providin an amplifier 26'; the purpose of this amplifier is to in crease the current su plied to the winding 17 of the motor 18. 611s form of the amplifier 26 is shown more in detail in Figure in Figure 5, l have illustrated an amplifier comprising one or more am liiying I tubes. 'In this system the current in need in the coils 14 and 15 does not flow direct into the coil 17 of the two-phase induction motor 18, but such current will be conducted in a known manner tothe grid of an am plifying tube 26, while-the anode current will feed the subsidiary-phase 17 of the motor 18 either direct or through a. transformer as shown. A preliminary transformer for the grid current is dispensable under certain circumstances provided that the windings of the coils 14 and 15 are dimensioned so as to accomplish at the same time the function of a preliminary transformer. The connections as shown in'Figur'e 5 afiord a way in which very weak currents the lit) conductors 8, 9 and 10 will ensure the desired result even in case of very long distance conduits, and in which the described system may be developed for use in Wireless 5 transmission.

It is obvious that changes might be resorted to in the form and arrangement of the several parts constituting the various embodiments of my invention Without de- 1 parting from the spirit and scope thereof;

hence I do not wish to limit myself strictly to the structures herein shown and described,

but what I claim is 1. A device of the type described, com

prising a stator, a rotor, windings for said rotor and stator, one of said windings having currents induced therein in accordance with the position of the rotor with respect to the stator; and a source of power inductively responsive to the said induced currents.

2. An indicating device of the character set forth, comprising a stator, a rotor, Windings for said stator and rotor, respectively,

and an induction motor connected to said rotor and having a coil electrically connected with the stator winding, the arrangement being such that alternating current is induced in the stator Winding and conducted to the said coil of the said motor whereceiver including a stator, a'rotor electrically connected to said transmitter, winding for said stator and rotor, an induction motor connected to said rotor, a coil on said amtor connected to the winding of said stator and a second coil on said motor connected to said source of alternating current.

4. An indicating device of the character set forth, comprising a receiver including a stator, a rotor, windings for said stator and rotor, respectively, an induction motor having a coil electrically connected With the stator winding. and speed reduction means connecting the said motor to said rotor.

5. An indicating device of the character set forth. comprising a receiver including a stator, a rotor, windings for said stator. and rotor, respectively, an induction motor connected to'said rotor and having a coil connected with the winding of said stator, a transmitter connected to said receiver, a second receiver and a motor connected to said second receiver and to said transmitter for actuating the said transmitter.

6. An indicating device of the character set forth, comprising a receiver including a stator, a rotor, windings for said stator and rotor, respectively, the stator winding having currents induced therein, an induction motor having, a coil connected with the stator winding, and means for amplifying the currents induced in said stator Windin In testimony whereof I have attired my signature.

OSKAR RICHTER. 

